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mezuzah
a box containing scrolls with verses from Deuteronomy; to touch going in and out of the house to remind self of god's laws in both in and outside of the home
pareve
neutral, as in foods with no animals or dairy products and can thus be consumed with any other food
yeshiva bokher
a young man who is a student at a yeshiva (college for Talmudic study), a scholarly, shy, unworldly type, a naive, gullible type
fleishig
meats, poultry, or foods prepared with animal fats, cannot be eaten with dairy, opposite of pareve
kibitz
to comment while watching a game, to joke/fool around, to carry on a running commentary while someone is working
minyan
the minimum number of people needed for something, also specifically the ten male of age Jews required for a religious service
sammas
the "servant" or attendant of the synagogue, also a detective/policeman (like public servant), also the 9th candle on the menorah
tref
an animal not slain according to ritual kosher laws, any food that is not kosher like pork and shrimp
Shevous
the Festival of Weeks, Pentecost, anniversary of covenant between God and Israel on Mount Sinai; read part of Exodus and eat dairy dishes
ganef
thief/crook, clever person, ingenious child, dishonest businessman, a shady tricky character, a mischievous fun-loving prankster
golem
a robot/lifeless figure, a simpleton/fool, a clumsy person, a slow moving person, a graceless person
Litvak
Jew from Lithuania, thin/dry/humorless, a learned but skeptical sort, a shrewd clever fellow, a sharp trader
mamzer
a child born to a married woman whose husband is not the father, also an untrustworthy person, stubborn/difficult man, clever person impudent, irreverent, detestable
naches
proud pleasure, special joy, particularly from the achievements of a child, psychological reward/gratification
nebbish
alas! too bad! poor thing! or... and innocuous, ineffectual, week, helpless person, sad sack, loser, nothing
shlemiel
foolish person/simpleton, consistently unlucky or unfortunate person, clumsy person, pipsqueak, naive/gullible customer, person who makes a foolish bargain
shlock
shoddy, cheaply made item, defective or fake article, an object once cheated over, a disagreeable person
shmendrik
short, weak, thin young men, opposite of a mentch, someone who can't succeed but thinks he can
Simchas Torah
honors the Torah, new beginning of consecutive weekly Torah readings; read last chapters of Deuteronomy and 1st of Genesis because the Torah has no beginning or end
Tisha B'Av
9th day of month "Av," commemorates destruction of 1st and 2nd temples, day of fasting, no meat, no laughing